Wednesday, 4 December 2013

Elderly women - Problems in fertility

Normally pregnancy is recommended between 20 to 30 years.
Usually after 30 years, the women can be considered as elderly women.
Generally after 30 years fertility decreases in women.
This can occur because of many things like,
-As age increases the function of ovaries, which are the organs which release ovum, will decrease.
- The number of ovarian follicles will decrease as age increases.
-And the remaining follicles also will not respond properly to the hormonal influence.
-Hormonal imbalance may also occur with increasing age.
-Comparatively increased possibility of problems like:
○ Infections  can occur to reproductive organs like ovaries, fallopian tubes etc called pelvic inflammatory disease. ○Endometriosis is another problem in which endometrium will grow on ovaries or fallopian tubes or on other organs which can affect reproduction ability.
- If the women uses some contraceptives like oral contraceptive pills for postponement of pregnancy after their stoppage regaining regular cycles will take some time and also drug related complications can occur.
- Possibility of occurrence of medical complications like diabetes, hypertention etc increase with age.
-The work tensions will also affect the women psychologically which may cause hormonal imbalance by affecting hypothalamic function. It will further increase the problem.
-Spouse factors can add to these.

Recommendations to overcome the problems:
- As per as possible better to plan pregnancy between 20 to 30 years.
-If not possible they have to plan their pregnancy and continue it under obstetrician guidance.
-They have to plan unprotected intercourse around the time of ovulation to increase the possibility of pregnant.

Investigations:
- Ultrasound examination is recommended to verify the status of uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes and other surrounding organs.
-To know the functioning of the ovaries, on third day of the periods estimation of FSH (Follicular stimulating hormone) and LH( Lutenising hormone) should be done in women who are not conceived after one year of unprotected intercourse.
-Ovulation stimulating drugs are recommended in women having anovulatory cycles.
-If they do not succeed in natural way, artificial reproductive methods like IUI(Intra uterine insemination), IVF( In vitro fertilization), Surrogacy etc can be employed.

Possible problems in elderly pregnant woman
Care to be taken for elderly pregnant woman

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