Definitions:
Gestational diabetes is defined as carbohydrate intolerance of variable severity with onset or first recognition during present pregnancy.
Renal glycosuria is appearance of simple sugar in urine despite of normal or low blood sugar levels.
In pregnancy, renal glycosuria is common due to lowering of renal threshold for glucose excretion.
Women at low risk for gestational diabetes:
•Age younger than 25 years.
•Not a member of ethnic group at high risk for development of Type II diabetes (Hispanic, African, Native American, South or East Asian, or Pacific islands ancestry)
•Body mass index of 25 or less.
•No previous history of abnormal glucose tolerance.
•No previous history of adverse obstetric outcome.
•No known diabetes in first degree relative.
Women at high risk for gestational diabetes:
•History of still birth in previous pregnancies.
•History of neonatal death.
•History of fetal macrosomia.
•Concomitant obesity and / or hypertension.
•Development of oligohydramnios, polyhydramnios, preeclampsia, or fetal macrosomia.
•Inadequate control with diet alone.
Effects of diabetes on mother: 1.Spontaneous abortion 2.Preeclampsia
3.Infection
4.Polyhydamnios
5.Postpartum bleeding
6.Increased incidence of cesarean section etc.
Effects of pregnancy on diabetes: •More insulin is necessary to achieve metabolic control.
•Progression of diabetic retinopathy.
•Worsening of diabetic retinopathy. •Increased risk of death for patients with diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Gestational diabetes is defined as carbohydrate intolerance of variable severity with onset or first recognition during present pregnancy.
Renal glycosuria is appearance of simple sugar in urine despite of normal or low blood sugar levels.
In pregnancy, renal glycosuria is common due to lowering of renal threshold for glucose excretion.
Women at low risk for gestational diabetes:
•Age younger than 25 years.
•Not a member of ethnic group at high risk for development of Type II diabetes (Hispanic, African, Native American, South or East Asian, or Pacific islands ancestry)
•Body mass index of 25 or less.
•No previous history of abnormal glucose tolerance.
•No previous history of adverse obstetric outcome.
•No known diabetes in first degree relative.
Women at high risk for gestational diabetes:
•History of still birth in previous pregnancies.
•History of neonatal death.
•History of fetal macrosomia.
•Concomitant obesity and / or hypertension.
•Development of oligohydramnios, polyhydramnios, preeclampsia, or fetal macrosomia.
•Inadequate control with diet alone.
Effects of diabetes on mother: 1.Spontaneous abortion 2.Preeclampsia
3.Infection
4.Polyhydamnios
5.Postpartum bleeding
6.Increased incidence of cesarean section etc.
Effects of pregnancy on diabetes: •More insulin is necessary to achieve metabolic control.
•Progression of diabetic retinopathy.
•Worsening of diabetic retinopathy. •Increased risk of death for patients with diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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